Historical record · A branching family · not a ladder
Human Family
Compare overlapping human lineages, including Neanderthals, Denisovans, and Homo sapiens.
Primary topic: Nature & the Universe
Explore the interactive road →Scope of this guide
A curated selection of milestones, not a complete history or a claim that every step is a direct ancestor of the next. Earlier reading-path context is separate from the chapters selected for this subject.
Actual source-review status
0 completed · 3 partial · 5 pending chapter reviews in this subject.
The factual audit is unfinished. These counts come from recorded chapter reviews, not legacy “reviewed” wording, confidence labels or image checks. A completed source review retains scientific and historical uncertainty.
Key chapters
- c. 1.9 million–110,000 years ago
Homo erectus ranges widely →
A long-lived human species spreads beyond Africa.
Selected claims checked. Full chapter review remains partial. Remaining claims or changed content need review. - c. 400,000–40,000 years ago
Neanderthals flourish →
Our closest extinct human relatives adapt to western Eurasia.
Full chapter source review pending. Confidence labels are editorial assessments. - c. 49,000–45,000 years ago · one major encounter
Human lineages meet again →
Some populations interbreed rather than remaining completely separate.
Selected claims checked. Full chapter review remains partial. Remaining claims or changed content need review.
Connected roads
These are authored connections in the existing catalogue, not an automatically inferred family tree.
Earlier reading context: Big Bang to Us · The hominin story begins. A reading-path prefix is not itself an ancestry claim.
- Continue into the human story (story continuation) · Subject guide
All chapters & review records
- Australopithecus afarensispending
- Early Homo enters the fossil recordpending
- Homo erectus ranges widelypartial
- Middle Pleistocene humans diversifypending
- Neanderthals flourishpending
- Homo sapiens emergepending
- Denisovans leave a genetic legacypartial
- Human lineages meet againpartial
Sources
Sources cited by the existing chapters. Listing a source does not mean every claim has been verified.
- Smithsonian Human Origins · species evidence ↗
- Early Homo at Ledi-Geraru · Arizona State University ↗
- Coexisting Homo and Australopithecus · Nature (2025) ↗
- Smithsonian Human Origins · species evidence ↗
- Smithsonian Human Origins · species evidence ↗
- Smithsonian Human Origins · species evidence ↗
- Smithsonian Human Origins · species evidence ↗
- Denisova Cave sediment DNA · Nature (2021) ↗
- Dated Denisovan fossils · Nature Ecology & Evolution ↗
- Timing of Neanderthal admixture · Nature (2024) ↗
- Multiple Denisovan contributions · Nature Genetics (2024) ↗